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Resumo A relação da espiritualidade com a saúde tem sido estudada e apontada como uma dimensão que traz benefícios na promoção, proteção e recuperação, além de colaborar com o enfrentamento de doenças. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é relatar uma experiência vivenciada durante um ensaio clínico randomizado, que incluiu a dimensão espiritual do paciente no tratamento contra o câncer, a partir da realização de uma pesquisa que incluiu a espiritualidade do paciente oncológico durante o processo quimioterápico. O ensaio clínico foi composto por 30 pacientes portadores de câncer atendidos em uma Unidade de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia. Percebeu-se que eles demonstraram surpresa por terem sua dimensão espiritual incluída, relatando que era uma questão importante para vivenciarem o que estavam passando. Também se notou a importância de incluir estudantes de medicina na coleta dos dados, oportunizando aos futuros profissionais contato com essa temática no contexto do cuidado em saúde. A vivência de experiências que trazem questões tão subjetivas, delicadas, profundas e essenciais sobre o ser humano, como são a espiritualidade e a fé, permitiu ao pesquisador desenvolver uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de mudança de paradigma na forma de prestar cuidado à saúde.
Abstract The relationship between spirituality and health has been studied and pointed out as a dimension that brings benefits in the promotion, protection, and recovery of health, in addition to collaborating with the combat against diseases. Thus, the objective of this study is to report an experience of a randomized clinical trial that included the spiritual dimension of patients in clinical treatment against cancer, resulting from a research that included the spirituality of cancer patients during chemotherapy. This randomized clinical trial consisted of 30 cancer patients treated at a High Complexity Care Unit in Oncology. We noticed that the patients showed surprise for having their spiritual dimension included, reporting that it was an important dimension for experiencing the moment they were going through. We also perceived the importance of including medical students in the data collection, providing opportunities for the future professional to have contact with this issue in the context of healthcare. The experience that brings such subjective, delicate, profound, and essential questions about the human being, such as spirituality and faith, allowed the researcher to develop a reflection on the need for a paradigm shift in the way of providing healthcare.
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Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Objetivo: identificar los factores que promueven y amenazan la Esperanza en cuidadores familiares de niños de 2 a 3 años con condiciones crónicas. Método: estudio cualitativo, incluyendo 46 cuidadores familiares de niños con condición crónica de 2 a 3 años, egresados de dos Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. La recolección de datos ocurrió mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas guiadas por el Modelo de Intervención en Ayuda Mutua Promotora de Esperanza. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis temático deductivo. Resultados: se identificaron como factores promotores de la Esperanza: la experiencia compartida con los miembros de la red social de apoyo; la relación con el niño; mejoría clínica del niño; espiritualidad; orientación positiva para el futuro. Se identificaron como factores amenazadores de la Esperanza: relaciones conflictivas y incredulidad con relación al niño por parte de personas cercanas; incertidumbres sobre el futuro; inseguridades sobre la capacidad de cuidar al niño. Conclusión: los factores amenazadores de Esperanza generaron sufrimiento, dolor, angustia, ansiedad y soledad en los cuidadores. Los factores promotores de Esperanza generaron consuelo, motivación, fuerza y alegría. Los hallazgos permiten a los enfermeros reconocer las fortalezas y debilidades de los cuidadores y promover la adopción de comportamientos que promuevan la Esperanza en los cuidadores de niños con condiciones crónicas.
Objective: to identify the factors that promote and threaten Hope in family caregivers of 2- to 3-year-old children with chronic conditions. Method: qualitative study with 46 family caregivers of children between 2 and 3 years old with a chronic condition, discharged from two Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews guided by the Model for Intervention in Mutual Help Promoter of Hope. Data were submitted to deductive thematic analysis. Results: the following were identified as factors that promote Hope: The experience shared with members of the social support network; The relationship with the child; Clinical improvement of the child; Spirituality; Positive guidance for the future. The following were identified as factors that threaten Hope: Conflictual relationships and discredit of the child by close people; Uncertainties about the future; Insecurities about the ability to care for the child. Conclusion: the threatening factors of Hope generated suffering, pain, anguish, anxiety, and loneliness in caregivers. The promoting factors of Hope generated comfort, motivation, strength and joy. The findings allow Nurses to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of caregivers and adopt behaviors that promote Hope in caregivers of children with chronic conditions.
Objetivo: identificar quais são os fatores promotores e ameaçadores da Esperança em cuidadores familiares de crianças de 2 a 3 anos com condições crônicas. Método: estudo qualitativo, incluindo 46 cuidadores familiares de crianças com condição crônica de 2 a 3 anos egressas de duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada orientada pelo Modelo de Intervenção em Ajuda Mútua Promotor de Esperança. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática dedutiva. Resultados: foram identificados como fatores promotores da Esperança: A experiência compartilhada com membros da rede de apoio social; A relação com a criança; Melhora clínica da criança; Espiritualidade; Orientação positiva para o futuro. Foram identificados como fatores ameaçadores da Esperança: Relações conflituosas e descrença da criança por pessoas próximas; Incertezas sobre o futuro; Inseguranças sobre a capacidade de prestar os cuidados à criança. Conclusão: os fatores ameaçadores da Esperança geraram sofrimento, dor, angústia, ansiedade e solidão nos cuidadores. Os fatores promotores da Esperança geraram conforto, motivação, força e alegria. Os achados possibilitam que Enfermeiros reconheçam as potencialidades e fragilidades dos cuidadores e promovam a adoção de comportamentos promotores de Esperança em cuidadores de crianças com condições crônicas.
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Humans , Child, Preschool , Anxiety , Social Support , Chronic Disease , Caregivers , Spirituality , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Background: In positive psychology, increased recognition of the phenomenon of hope among people suffering from cancer, along with alleviating their negative mental states like anxiety, depression, and fear of death is evident and promising. The aim of the study was to explore the lived experience of hope in cancer patients. Materials: Qualitative phenomenological research approach was used. A semi-structured in-depth interview with open-ended questions was administered to explore the patient抯 hope related experiences during the journey of cancer. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a total of 10 participants for the study. The size of the sample was decided on the basis of literature for the interpretive phenomenological study. Results: Results revealed five major common themes related to hope during illness: (1) survival expectation; (2) will to live; (3) prognostic clarification; (4) positivity of health providers; and (5) recovery of other patients: A source of hopefulness. Conclusion: The lived experiences of cancer patients shows that hope is the positive expectation of survival, which is a source of motivation during their journey of illness. It also denotes goal setting behaviour. Thus, hope is the 搘ill to live� which is related to social support, positive communication with healthcare providers, and recovery of fellow patients.
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Objective:A structural equation model of the influencing factors on caregiver preparedness at discharge of patients with chronic heart failure was constructed based on the individual and family self-management theory, and the main paths influencing caregiver preparedness were explored.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 345 caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from October 2020 to August 2021 were selected as research objects by convenience sampling method, and they were investigated by Caregiver Preparedness Scale, Family APGAR Index, Herth Hope Index, Social Support-Rating Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. The influencing factors on caregiver preparedness at discharge of patients with chronic heart failure were analyzed.Results:The total score of Caregiver Preparedness Scale, Family APGAR Index, Herth Hope Index, Social Support-Rating Scale, and Positive and Negative Coping Subscale of Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire in patients with chronic heart failure was (20.79 ± 4.92), (8.05 ± 1.43), (35.34 ± 4.47), (43.89 ± 6.56), (24.38 ± 5.21), (11.21 ± 4.26) points. Caregiver preparedness in patients with chronic heart failure was positively correlated with family function, hope, positive coping and social support ( r values were 0.213-0.383, all P<0.01), and negatively correlated with negative coping ( r=-0.546, P<0.01). Family function and social support in patients with chronic heart failure could directly or indirectly affect caregiver preparedness (total effect value: 0.380, 0.212), hope and negative coping directly affected caregiver preparedness (total effect value: 0.200, -0.433), and could account for 39% of the total variation in caregiver preparedness. Conclusions:Caregiver preparedness of patients with chronic heart failure needs further improvement. The effective ways to improve caregiver preparedness are to pay attention to family function, improve hope level, increase social support and reduce negative coping.
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BackgroundAt least 77.0% of breast cancer patients will experience cancer-related fatigue. Hope level and resilience play as two important factors that have influence on cancer-related fatigue. Currently， most studies involve one single factor， either the level of hope or resilience， and explore its relationship with the cancer-related fatigue. Only limited studies explore the action mechanism behind with all three factors put together. ObjectiveTo investigate the mediating role of resilience between hope and cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer， and to provide references for finding intervention targets for cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. MethodsFrom March to October 2022， this study was conducted on the sample size of 324 hospitalized patients from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province. These patients were over 18 years old and pathologically diagnosed as breast cancer. Hope level， resilience and cancer-related fatigue were assessed， respectively， using Adult Dispositional Hope Scale （ADHS）， Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC-10） and Cancer Fatigue Scale （CFS）. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ADHS score， CD-RISC-10 score and CFS score. AMOS 22.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect of resilience between hope level and cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients. ResultsThe detection rate of cancer-related fatigue in patients with breast cancer was 88.58%. Scores of ADHS and CD-RISC-10 were negatively correlated with CFS score （r=-0.750， -0.809， P<0.01）. ADHS score was positively correlated with CD-RISC-10 score （r=0.901， P<0.01）. Resilience had a mediating effect between the hope level and cancer-related fatigue. The mediating effect value was -0.676（95% CI： -1.005~-0.347）， accounting for 81.90% of the total effect. ConclusionThe hope level of breast cancer patients can affect cancer-related fatigue directly as well as indirectly through resilience. Resilience plays a partial mediating role between hope level and cancer-related fatigue .
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ABSTRACT Objective: based on the concepts and assertions, to create a Rehabilitation Nursing theoretical model grounded on intersubjective recognition and focused on each person's good life and diversity. Method: this is a methodological study anchored in the Theory Construction grounds described by Walker and Avant for the synthesis of a theoretical Nursing model. The synthesis seeks to organize an arrangement of concepts and assertions that allow seeing the rehabilitation relationship between the people included in the model. Results: The theoretical model was focused on the interpersonal relationship between Person and Nurse, which generates the Rehabilitation and Recognition relationships that exert a positive influence on both and enables self-fulfillment, as well as autonomous and equal participation of the rehabilitating person, thus ensuring their social good life. Conclusion: the rehabilitating person's good life can be encouraged, or even ensured, in an intersubjective recognition relationship that takes place when both nurses and the people cared for understand each other in their differences, respecting, trusting and socially valuing each other, thus strengthening human autonomy, social freedom and dignity as a result of this rehabilitation.
RESUMEN Objetivo: a partir de los conceptos y las afirmaciones, construir un modelo teórico para Enfermería de rehabilitación sobre la base del reconocimiento intersubjetivo, enfocado en la buena vida de las personas en su diversidad. Método: estudio metodológico basado en la fundamentación de Construcción de Teorías descrita por Walker y Avant para realizar la síntesis de un modelo teórico de Enfermería. La síntesis pretende organizar diversos conceptos y afirmaciones que permiten visualizar la relación de rehabilitación entre las personas incluidas en el modelo. Resultados: el modelo teórico se centró en la relación interpersonal entre Persona atendida y Enfermero; dicha relación genera las vinculaciones de Rehabilitación y Reconocimiento que ejercen influencias positivas en ambos y hace posible la autorrealización y la participación autónoma e igualitaria de la persona en rehabilitación, garantizando así su buena vida social. Conclusión: la buena vida de una persona en rehabilitación puede incentivarse, o incluso garantizarse, en una relación intersubjetiva de reconocimiento que tiene lugar cuando tanto el enfermero como la persona atendida se comprenden en sus diferencias, con mutuo respeto, confianza y estimación social, fortaleciendo la autonomía, libertad social y dignidad humana como resultado de esa rehabilitación.
RESUMO Objetivo: Construir, a partir dos conceitos e afirmações, um modelo teórico para enfermagem de reabilitação com base no reconhecimento intersubjetivo, focado no bem-viver da pessoa em sua diversidade. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico calcado na fundamentação de Construção de Teoria descrito por Walker e Avant para a síntese um modelo teórico de enfermagem. A síntese busca organizar um arranjo de conceitos e afirmações que possibilitam visualizar a relação de reabilitação entre as pessoas do modelo. Resultados: O modelo teórico foi centrado na relação interpessoal entre Pessoa e enfermeiro, tal relação gera os relacionamentos de Reabilitação e Reconhecimento que atuam positivamente em ambos e possibilita a autorrealização, a participação autônoma e igualitária da pessoa em reabilitação, garantindo seu bem-viver social. Conclusão: O bem-viver da pessoa em reabilitação pode ser incentivado, ou ainda garantido, numa relação intersubjetiva de reconhecimento que acontece quando enfermeiro e pessoa cuidada se compreendem em suas diferenças, respeitando, confiando e estimando socialmente um ao outro, fortalecendo como resultado dessa reabilitação uma autonomia, liberdade social e dignidade humana.
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Abstract This study aimed to evidence the validity and reliability ofthe Ecuadorian version ofthe Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, one of the most studied concepts of positive psychology. The adaptation process included translation and semantic and idiomatic validation. For content validation, an expert review and focus group were conducted. The questionnaire was applied to 2423 workers in Ecuador with a mean age of 37 years (SD = 9.04), and 65.6% were women. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the validity of the scale's dimensionality. The reliability and convergent and discriminant validity were also evaluated. In order to investigate the best solution for an Ecuadorian version ofthe Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, four structural models were assessed. The unidimensional solution was the most adequate structure for the scale. The internal consistency of the scale was adequate. The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) was developed to assess this positive psychological state and has been the most used tool in many contexts. To our knowledge, this study is the first to adapt the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale into the Ecuadorian context and evaluate its validity. The findings support its reliability, factorial, and construct validity in the Ecuadorian context. Furthermore, the results show that dispositional hope acts as a protective factor, promoting work engagement and preventing burnout.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Translations , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Hope , Psychology, Positive , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Ecuador , Work Engagement , Burnout, PsychologicalABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Given the incipience of domestic studies on hope and spirituality in cardiology, this study evaluated adult cardiac patients' hope in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery and its potential association with spirituality. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at a university hospital in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). A total of 70 patients answered the Herth Hope Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire before undergoing surgical procedure between January and October 2018. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U test. The R-3.4.1 software and SAS System for Windows 9.2 were also used. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients had a high prevalence of modifiable risk factors. Having a religion (37.53±4.57) and practicing it (38.79±4.25), regardless of its denomination and time dedicated to that religion, was associated with hope (P<0.01) in the immediate preoperative period of cardiac surgery. However, hope did not exhibit a significant correlation with factors such as age (P=0.09) and time dedicated to religious practice (P=0.07). Conclusion: Regardless of the religious strand and time dedicated to religious practices as an expression of spirituality, hope was associated with the participants' religion and religiosity. Considering the importance of this construct on the processes of health and disease, the whole health team should consider in their praxis a setting of conditions to make the patient's spirituality process feasible during hospitalization.
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Objetivo: Apreender as experiências da vida cotidiana de pessoas em lista de espera de transplante renal e verificar a aplicabilidade da Teoria da Incerteza da Doença nesse contexto. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, interpretada à luz da Teoria da Incerteza da Doença, de Merle Mishel. Resultados: Emergiram, da análise do conteúdo das entrevistas de oito pacientes, dois eixos significativos, denominados Aspectos internos do ajustamento à condição da doença e Aspectos externos do ajustamento à condição da doença que abrangem as categorias nomeadas de adaptação, enfrentamento, fornecedores de estrutura, quadro de estímulos e nova perspectiva de vida. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou aprender os sentimentos preponderantes nas vivências das pessoas em lista de espera de transplante, as relações interpessoais com os familiares e equipe de saúde, o enfrentamento da doença e a esperança de um órgão compatível, assim como a aplicabilidade da Teoria no contexto do transplante renal.
Purpose: To understand the daily experiences of people on a kidney transplant waiting list and to verify the applicability of the Uncertainty in Illness Theory in this context. Method: An exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative research, based on Merle Mishel's Theory of Uncertainty in Illness. Results: From the analysis of interviews with eight patients, two significant axes emerged: a) Internal aspects of adjustment to the condition of the disease; and b) External aspects of adjustment to the condition of the disease. These axes cover the categories "adaptation", "coping", "structure providers", "stimulus board" and "new life perspectives". Conclusion: The study made it possible to understand the predominant feelings of people on a transplant waiting list, in addition to learning about their interpersonal relationships with family members and the health team, their coping with the disease, and their hope for a compatible organ. It was also possible to understand the applicability of the Theory in the context of a kidney transplant.
Objetivo: Conocer las vivencias de la vida diaria de las personas en lista de espera de trasplante renal y verificar la aplicabilidad de la Teoría de la Incertidumbre de la Enfermedad en este contexto. Método: Investigación cualitativa descriptiva exploratoria, interpretada a la luz de la Teoría de la Incertidumbre de la Enfermedad de Merle Mishel. Resultados: Del análisis del contenido de las entrevistas de ocho pacientes surgieron dos ejes significativos denominados Aspectos internos de ajuste a la condición de la enfermedad y Aspectos externos de ajuste a la condición de la enfermedad, que abarcan las categorías denominadas adaptación, afrontamiento, proveedores de estructura, relación de estímulos y nueva perspectiva de vida. Conclusión: El estudio permitió conocer los sentimientos predominantes en las vivencias de las personas en lista de espera de trasplante, las relaciones interpersonales con los familiares y el equipo médico, el afrontamiento de la enfermedad y la esperanza de un órgano compatible, así como la aplicabilidad de la Teoría en el contexto del trasplante de riñón.
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Humans , Male , Female , Nursing Theory , Kidney Transplantation , Uncertainty , HopeABSTRACT
Background: HIV/AIDS emerged as the most important public health issue of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Hope & Quality of life (QoL) of People living with HIV/AIDS are affected by multiple socio-demographic variables as a major predictor of Hope & QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive survey research design included a sample of 430 PLHIV attending the ART centre, District Government Hospital, Bagalkot. Data were collected using the self-report method and Hospital records by socio-demographic questionnaire, Herths Hope Scale and WHO QOLHIV-BREF scale. Pearson's Correlations, chi-square test and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Results: A significant positive association was found between Hope and QoL among PLHIV (r= 0.483, p<0.001). A significant regression equation (F429, 42= 1.842, R2=0.167, p<0.01). Married status i.e. married, Occupation i.e. doing Labor work has positively and 3rd and 4th clinical-stage have negatively predicted Hope of PLHIV. A Non significant regression equation (F429,42=1.37, R2=0.13, p<0.05). Being a private employee had positively and Heterosexual had negatively predicted and remained determinants have not predicted QoL among PLHIV and there was a significant association found between marital status and remained variables are not associated with Hope. There was a significant negative relationship found between Family monthly income and a positive relationship found between the duration of HIV and QoL. Marital status is significantly associated with QoL. Conclusions: The overall findings reveals that a significant positive correlation between Hope and QoL among PLHIV. There was a significant association found between marital status with Hope. There was a significant negative relationship found between Family monthly income and positive relationship found Duration of HIV and QoL.
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El riesgo suicida es definido como la posibilidad de que una persona atente deliberadamente contra su vida y se considera una conducta autodestructiva de causas multifactoriales. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar los factores psicológicos aso-ciados al riesgo suicida en estudiantes universitarios. Esto se realizó por medio de un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 1696 estudiantes de pregrado, 54.7 % correspondiente al sexo femenino y 43.6 % al masculino. Se aplicaron escalas para evaluar sentido de la vida, depresión, esperanza, soledad, apoyo interpersonal y riesgo suicida. Los resultados indicaron que el 50 % de la muestra reportó nunca haber tenido pensamientos suicidas. Sin embargo, el 26.8 % tuvo un pensamiento pasajero al respecto; el 9.9 % planeó quitarse la vida, pero no lo intentó; el 5.8 % realizó un intento suicida sin intención real de concretar el acto, el 5 % hizo planes para quitarse la vida con intención real de concretar el acto; y el 2.4 % efectuó intentos suicidas con deseos de morir. Se evidenció que existe una relación inversa significativa entre el riesgo suicida y la esperanza, presencia y búsqueda de sentido de la vida y apoyo interpersonal. No obstante, los individuos con mayor riesgo suicida poseen puntajes más altos en soledad y depresión. Estos resultados se discuten desde sus implicaciones en el ejercicio clínico
Suicide risk is defined as the possibility of a person deliberately taking his/her own life; this is considered a self-destructive behavior with multifactorial causes. This research aimed to determine the psychological fac-tors associated with suicide risk in university students. This was done through a quantitative, non-experimental approach. The sample consisted of 1.696 undergraduate students, 54.7 % female and 43.6 % male students. Ques-tionnaires were applied to evaluate meaning in life, depression, hope, loneliness, interpersonal support, and suicide risk. The results indicated that 50 % of the parti-cipants reported never having suicidal thoughts. However, 26.8 % had had a passing thought about committing suicide, 9.9 % had thought of a specific (but unexecuted) plan to commit suicide, 5.8 % reported a previous suicide attempt without the intention of actually committing suicide, 5 % had made plans to take their own life with a real intention to commit the act, and 2.4 % had made at least one suicide attempt with a desire to die. Results indicate that there is a significant inverse relation be-tween suicide risk and hope, the presence and search for a meaning in life, and interpersonal support. However, a higher suicide risk is positively correlated with loneliness and depression. These results are discussed according to their implications in clinical practice
O risco de suicídio é definido como a possibilidade de uma pessoa deliberadamente atentar contra sua vida, considerando-o como um comportamento autodestrutivo com causas multifatoriais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os fatores psicológicos associados ao risco de suicídio em estudantes universitários. Isso foi feito por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa, não experimental. A amostra foi composta por 1696 alunos de graduação, sendo 54.7 % do sexo feminino e 43.6 % do sexo mascu-lino. Foram aplicadas escalas para avaliar o sentido de vida, depressão, esperança, solidão, apoio interpessoal e risco de suicídio. Os resultados indicaram que 50 % da amostra relatou nunca ter tido pensamentos suicidas. No entanto, 26.8 % tiveram um pensamento passageiro sobre isso, 9.9 % planejaram se matar, mas não tentaram; 5.8 % fizeram uma tentativa de suicídio sem real intenção de realizar o ato, 5 % fizeram planos para tirar a própria vida com real intenção de realizar o ato e 2.4 % fizeram ten-tativas de suicídio com desejo de morrer. Evidenciou-se que existe uma relação inversa significativa entre risco de suicídio e esperança, presença e busca de sentido na vida e apoio interpessoal. No entanto, indivíduos com maior risco de suicídio apresentam pontuações mais altas em solidão e depressão. Esses resultados são discutidos a partir de suas implicações na prática clínica
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Humans , Suicide , Students , Mental Health , Risk Factors , Depression , Psychosocial Support Systems , HondurasABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of hope on resilience and post traumatic growth (PTG) in patients with refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (rSHPT).Methods:It was convenient to select rSHPT patients and non-refractory SHPT patients who received maintenance hemodialysis treatment in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to September 2021. Totally 495 patients with rSHPT and 1 295 patients with mild secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) were surveyed by the Chinese Version of The Herth Hope Scale, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Post Traumatic Growth Rating Scale (PTGI). After matching according to the 1∶1 Propensity Score Matching (PSM), 436 cases were set in each of the two groups. The differences of hope, resilience and PTG scores between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between hope, resilience and total score of PTG in rSHPT group. Regression analysis and SPSS Process mediation Model 4 were used to test the mediating effect of hope on resilience and PTG.Results:The hope score (32.16 ± 4.15), psychological resilience score (61.22 ± 14.38), and the PTG score (52.34 ± 18.92) of rSHPT patients was significantly lower than 33.41 ± 2.97 ( t=-5.72, P<0.05), 63.19 ± 7.25 ( t=-2.77, P<0.05), 57.95 ± 10.07 ( t=-6.34, P<0.05) of SHPT patients. There was a positive correlation between hope, resilience and PTG score ( r=0.671, 0.488, 0.523, all P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that resilience could positively predict PTG ( β=0.518, P<0.01). Psychological resilience positively predicted hope ( β=0.188, P<0.01). Resilience ( β=0.204, P =0.002) and hope ( β=1.442, P<0.01) could positively predict PTG. Hope played a partial mediating role in the relationship between resilience and PTG, and the mediating effect accounted for 60.23%. Conclusions:rSHPT patients generally had lower levels of hope, resilience and PTG. Resilience can affect PTG directly or indirectly through hope. Medical staff should improve the resilience and hope level of patients with rSHPT through positive psychological intervention measures, so as to enhance the positive promoting effect of psychological resilience on PTG.
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Objective:To explore the effect of pelvic floor muscle functional exercise based on Snyder hope theory in patients after prophylactic stoma retraction.Methods:74 patients with low rectal cancer who underwent prophylactic stoma retraction from July 2019 to June 2021 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The patients in the control group received routine nursing and pelvic floor muscle functional exercise. The patients in the intervention group received functional exercise intervention based on Snyder′s hope theory on the basis of the control group. The hope level and self-care ability of the patients in the two groups were evaluated before the intervention and 3 months after stoma restitution. The anal function of the patients in the two groups was evaluated 1 month and 3 months after stoma restitution.Results:Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the score of hope level and self-care ability between the two groups ( P>0.05). Three months after the operation, the score of hope level in the observation group was 36.20 ± 3.82, which was higher than that in the control group (31.26 ± 5.03) ( t = 4.63, P<0.05). Three months after the operation, the self-care ability score of the observation group was 123.57 ± 10.82, which was higher than that of the control group (108.23 ± 9.48) ( t = 6.31, P<0.05). One month and three months after stoma retraction, the anal function scores of the observation group were 12.03 ± 3.94, 5.91 ± 2.05 respectively, which were lower than those of the control group (13.86 ± 2.19, 7.26 ± 1.74) ( t = 2.40, 2.99, both P<0.05). Conclusion:Pelvic floor muscle functional exercise based on Snyder′s hope theory can improve the hope level of patients after stoma retraction, improve their anal function and improve their self-care ability.
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Introdução: A esperança é um componente que pode ajudar o paciente, estimulando no seu existir, e permite o sentimento de um futuro otimista. A espiritualidade, no adoecimento por câncer, proporciona aos pacientes o desenvolvimento da esperança, de um significado para a doença e de um propósito e sentido para a vida. Objetivos: Avaliar o nível de espiritualidade e esperança de pacientes com câncer em tratamento em um hospital geral de Macaé e avaliar a correlação entre eles. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo clínico sobre o perfil de esperança e espiritualidade de pacientes com câncer em um hospital público que realiza tratamento oncológico na cidade de Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, entre agosto e novembro de 2019. Utilizou-se a escala de esperança de Herth e a escala de espiritualidade de Pinto e Pais-Ribeiro, que foram preenchidas por meio de entrevistas individuais. Resultados: Participaram 65 pacientes com idade média de 59 anos ± 12.39, com diferentes topografias tumorais, apresentando escore médio de 16,98 de 20,0 (valor máximo) para espiritualidade e 41,25 de 48,0 (valor máximo) para esperança. As variáveis apresentaram correlação positiva entre si. Conclusão: O nível de espiritualidade e esperança de pacientes com câncer apresentou correlação positiva com moderada magnitude, sugerindo que as necessidades espirituais devam ser reconhecidas e estimuladas para manter a esperança do paciente e assim poder mitigar quadros depressivos muito comuns em oncologia.
Introduction: Hope is a component that can help the patient, stimulating their existence, and allowing the feeling of an optimistic future. Spirituality, in the illness caused by cancer, provides patients with the development of hope, a meaning for the disease and a purpose and meaning for life. Purpose: To assess the level of spirituality and hope of cancer patients undergoing treatment at a general hospital in Macaé and to assess the correlation between them. Methods: A clinical study was carried out on the hope and spirituality profile of cancer patients at the hospital that provides public cancer treatment in the city of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, between August and November 2019. The Herth hope scale was used and the Pinto and Pais-Ribeiro spirituality scale that were completed through individual interviews. Results: 65 patients participated, with a mean age of 59 years ± 12.39, with different tumor topographies, with a mean score of 16.98 of 20.0 (maximum value) for spirituality and 41.25 of 48.0 (maximum value) for hope. The variables showed a positive correlation with each other. Conclusion: The level of spirituality and hope of cancer patients showed a moderate positive correlation, suggesting that spiritual needs should be recognized and encouraged to maintain the patient's hope and thus be able to mitigate depression that are very common in oncology
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Spirituality , Hope , Neoplasms , DepressionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the theoretical dimensions of hope as a recovery-oriented practice in mental health nursing. Method: This is a reflective and discursive study based on theoretical and experiential aspects of hope in the recovery process of people facing mental health disorders. Results: Maintaining hope in adverse situations, especially while facing mental suffering, requires skills to manage the factors that promote and inhibit hope. This balance can be tricky to reach without the presence of high-skilled professionals. The study presents the concept of hope-inspiring competence and its main dimensions. The nurse's hope-inspiring competence is recognized as a crucial advanced practice that optimizes mental health by providing motivational resources. Final Considerations: Hope-inspiring competence should be a core principle for recovery-oriented mental health professionals. Despite this recognition, the promotion of hope in mental health nursing specialized practice lacks evidence and visibility.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as dimensões teóricas da esperança enquanto prática orientada pelo recovery em enfermagem de saúde mental. Métodos: Estudo reflexivo e discursivo baseado nos aspectos teóricos e vivenciais da esperança no processo de recovery de pessoas que enfrentam transtornos mentais. Resultados: Manter a esperança em situações adversas, principalmente no sofrimento mental, requer habilidades para gerenciar os fatores que a promovem e a inibem. Esse equilíbrio pode ser difícil de alcançar sem a presença de profissionais qualificados. Apresentamos o conceito de competência inspiradora de esperança e suas principais dimensões. A competência do enfermeiro inspirador de esperança é uma prática avançada crucial que otimiza a saúde mental ao fornecer recursos motivacionais. Considerações finais: A competência inspiradora de esperança deve ser um princípio fundamental para profissionais de saúde mental orientados para o recovery. Apesar desse reconhecimento, a promoção da esperança na prática especializada de enfermagem em saúde mental carece de evidências e visibilidade.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar dimensiones teóricas de esperanza mientras práctica dirigida por recovery en enfermería de salud mental. Métodos: Estudio reflexivo y discursivo basándose en aspectos teóricos y experiencias de la esperanza en el proceso de recovery de personas que enfrentan trastornos mentales. Resultados: Mantener la esperanza en situaciones adversas, principalmente en el enfrentamiento del sufrimiento mental, requerir habilidades para administrar factores que proveen e inhiben. Ese equilibrio puede ser difícil de alcanzar sin la presencia de profesionales altamente cualificados. Presentamos concepto de competencia inspiradora de esperanza y sus principales dimensiones. Competencia del enfermero inspirador de esperanza es reconocida como una práctica avanzada crucial que optimiza la salud mental al fornecer recursos motivacionales. Consideraciones finales: Competencia inspiradora de esperanza debe ser un principio fundamental para profesionales de salud mental dirigidos por recovery. Aunque ese reconocimiento, la promoción de esperanza en práctica especializada de enfermería en salud mental carece de evidencias y visibilidad.
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@#AIM:To investigate the application of multi-mode teaching steered by “HOPE” in the clinical teaching of contact lens.<p>METHODS: Prospective study. Two classes(totally 80 students)of 2018 grade major in optometry, Nanjing Medical University, were randomly selected as experimental group(40 students, 18 males, 22 females)using multi-mode teaching(including problem-based learning, case-based learning and flipped classroom),and control group(40 students, 19 males, 21 females)using traditional teaching mode. At the end of the course, the teaching effects were evaluated by usual performance, network examination, theory test, operation test and questionnaire.<p>RESULTS: The assessment result at ordinary times: the points of experiment group(16.46±2.19)points was higher than the control group(13.81±2.95)points(<i>t</i>=6.36, <i>P<</i>0.01); Network examination result: the points of experiment group(9.37±1.57)points was higher than the control group(7.21±1.46)points(<i>t</i>=4.39, <i>P=</i>0.01); Theory of the assessment result: the points of experiment group(40.41±3.48)points was higher than the control group(36.29±3.34)points(<i>t</i>=9.25, <i>P</i><0.01); The assessment result of operation: the points of experiment group(18.22±2.69)was higher than the control group(16.28±2.52)(<i>t</i>=3.25, <i>P=</i>0.02); Total grade: the points of experiment group(84.46±5.26)was higher than the control group(73.69±6.35)(<i>t</i>=11.26,<i>P<</i>0.01). Contact lens teaching effect feedback questionnaire results showed that: students based on the concept of “HOPE” teaching mode were more satisfied than control group, and they think it had more advantages than traditional teaching group in learning initiative and improving teaching efficiency, cultivating clinical thinking ability, improving the communication power of expression(all <i>P<</i>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Multi-mode teaching(PBL, CBL and flipped classroom)steered by “HOPE” in the clinical teaching of contact lens can stimulate students'interest in learning, improve the quality of teaching and achieve better teaching effect.
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Resumen El padecimiento de enfermedades crónicas impacta la calidad de vida, el bienestar y el funcionamiento de los adultos mayores. De allí la necesidad de potencializar las cualidades y recursos psicológicos que incidan de forma positiva en su calidad de vida. En ese sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue describir los niveles de resiliencia, optimismo, esperanza y sentido de vida en el adulto mayor con o sin enfermedad crónica. El diseño del estudio fue de tipo descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, por encuesta. Participaron 200 personas, 100 que presentaban una enfermedad crónica y 100 que no la presentaban, seleccionadas mediante muestreo no aleatorio de sujetos disponibles, residentes en Bogotá (Colombia). Se utilizaron instrumentos para medir resiliencia (Cuestionario Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10)), optimismo (Escala de Optimismo Disposicional (DIOP)), esperanza (Escala de esperanza para adultos AHS (Adult hope scale)) y propósito vital (Test de Propósito Vital (PIL)). Los resultados indican que los adultos mayores con enfermedad crónica muestran niveles menores de resiliencia, optimismo, esperanza y propósito de vida, en comparación con los adultos mayores sin enfermedades crónicas. Lo anterior, nos permite entender que la condición de enfermedad afecta los recursos psicológicos de la persona, entendidos en esta investigación como resiliencia, optimismo, esperanza y propósito de vida, que a su vez funcionan como factores protectores de la salud mental en los procesos de enfermedad, en los cuales se visualiza la oportunidad de fortalecer o reforzan mediante el establecimiento de programas de intervención.
Abstract Having a chronic disease impacts the quality of life, well-being, and functioning of older adults. Hence the need to potentiate the psychological qualities and resources that positively impact their quality of life. In this sense, the objective of this research was to describe the levels of resilience, optimism, hope, and sense of life in older adults with or without chronic diseases. The study design is descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, with the use of surveys. A total of 200 people participated, 100 with a chronic disease and 100 without, selected through non-random sampling of available subjects residing in Bogota (Colombia). Instruments were used to assess resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Questionnaire [CD-RISC 10]), optimism (Dispositional Optimism Scale [DIOP]), hope (Adult Hope Scale [AHS]), and vital purpose (Vital Purpose Test [PIL]). The results indicate that older adults with chronic diseases have lower levels of resilience, optimism, hope, and life purpose, compared to older adults without chronic diseases. This allows us to understand that having a disease impacts the psychological resources of a person, understood in this research as resilience, optimism, hope, and life purpose, which in turn function as protective factors of mental health. There is an opportunity to strengthen or reinforce these factors through the creation of intervention programs.
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Resumen Introducción: Este estudio analizó el papel de creencias maleables y esperanza en la disposición para apoyar concesiones del acuerdo con las FARC-EP en un contexto de polarización política. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio no experimental con 562 ciudadanos. Resultados: Los resultados confirman que la esperanza de paz surge de una percepción general del mundo como cambiante; y por lo tanto, las personas que creen que el conflicto colombiano con las FARC-EP puede cambiar, desarrollan una actitud esperanzadora, presentando más apoyo a concesiones sobre la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) y la participación en política de exguerrilleros. Asimismo, se encontró que las personas con orientación política de izquierda y de centro apoyan más las concesiones del acuerdo en comparación con personas con orientación política de derecha. Conclusiones: El estudio refleja que la polarización política constituye un obstáculo para el desarrollo de creencias maleables y actitudes esperanzadoras que favorecen la desescalada del conflicto. Se presentan las implicaciones prácticas sobre la formación de actitudes que favorecen salidas constructivas del conflicto, y sobre la responsabilidad de actores políticos en la formación de creencias rígidas que constituyen barreras para la paz.
Abstract Introduction: This study analyzed the role of malleable beliefs and hope in the willingness to support controversial concessions of the peace agreement with FARC-EP, in a context of political polarization. Method: Non-experimental study with 562 citizens. Results: The results confirm that hope for peace arises from a general perception of the world as changing, and, therefore, people who believe that the Colombian conflict with FARC-EP can change develop a hopeful attitude, presenting more support for concessions on the Special Justice for Peace (JEP), and the participation of ex-guerrillas in politics. Likewise, results showed that people with a left-leaning political orientation, and those that identified as centrist, are more supportive of the concessions of the agreement, compared to people with right-wing political leanings. Conclusions: The study reflects that political polarization constitutes an obstacle to the development of malleable beliefs and hopeful attitudes that favor the de-escalation of the conflict. The practical implications are presented on the formation of attitudes that favor constructive solutions to the conflict, and on the responsibility of political actors in the formation of rigid beliefs that constitute barriers to peace.
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Objective. To determine the impact of spiritual intervention on hope and spiritual well-being of persons with cancer. Methods. Randomized controlled trial in which 74 patients with cancer referring to a chemotherapy ward of Shahid Rajaie Hospital in Yasuj city, Iran, were participated. The eligible patients were randomly assigned to either intervention or control group. Spiritual-based intervention was performed based on the protocol in four main fields namely; religious, existence, emotional and social over 5 sessions before chemotherapy. The participants in the control group had received usual cares. Data were collected using Snyder's Hope Scale and Ellison's Scale Spiritual Well-Being Scale on a week before and after intervention. Results. The total mean scores of the scales of hope and spiritual well-being in both groups did not present statistical differences in the pre-intervention assessment. In contrast, at the post assessment, significant differences (p<0.001) were found in the mean scores between the intervention and control groups on the hope scale (60.9 versus 39.8) and on the spiritual well-being scale (94.3 versus 71.6). Conclusion. Spiritual intervention could promote hope and spiritual well-being of persons with cancer.
Objetivo. Determinar el impacto de una intervención espiritual en la esperanza y el bienestar espiritual de las personas con cáncer. Métodos. Ensayo controlado aleatorio en el que participaron 74 pacientes con cáncer que acudieron a una sala de quimioterapia del Hospital Shahid Rajaie de la ciudad de Yasuj (Irán). Los pacientes elegibles se asignaron aleatoriamente al grupo de intervención o al de control. Durante 5 sesiones, y antes de la quimioterapia, se llevó a cabo una intervención espiritual basada en un protocolo con cuatro campos principales: religioso, existencia, emocional y social. Los participantes en el grupo control recibieron el cuidado usual. Los datos se recogieron mediante la aplicación de la escala de esperanza de Snyder, una semana antes y una semana después de la intervención, y de la escala de bienestar espiritual de Ellison. Resultados. Las puntuaciones medias de las escalas de esperanza y bienestar espiritual en ambos grupos no presentaron diferencias estadísticas en la evaluación pre-intervención. En cambio, en la evaluación posterior, se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.001) en las puntaciones medias entre los grupos de intervención y de control en la escala de esperanza (60.9 frente a 39.8) y en la escala de bienestar espiritual (94.3 frente a 71.6). Conclusión. La intervención espiritual podría promover la esperanza y el bienestar espiritual de las personas con cáncer.
Objetivo. Determinar o impacto de uma intervenção espiritual na esperança e no bem-estar espiritual das pessoas com câncer. Métodos. Ensaio controlado aleatório envolvendo 74 pacientes com câncer que frequentaram uma sala de quimioterapia no Hospital Shahid Rajaie na cidade de Yasuj (Irã). Os pacientes elegíveis foram aleatoriamente designados para o grupo de intervenção ou controle. Durante 5 sessões, e antes da quimioterapia, foi realizada uma intervenção espiritual baseada em um protocolo com quatro campos principais: religioso, existencial, emocional e social. Os participantes do grupo controle receberam os cuidados habituais. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação da Escala de Esperança de Snyder e da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual de Ellison uma semana antes e uma semana após a intervenção. Resultados. Os escores médios das escalas de esperança e bem-estar espiritual em ambos os grupos não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas na avaliação pré-intervenção. Por outro lado, na avaliação subsequente, foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p <0.001) nas pontuações médias entre os grupos intervenção e controle na escala de esperança (60,9 vs. 39.8) e na escala de bem-estar espiritual (94.3 vs. 71.6). Conclusão. A intervenção espiritual pode promover esperança e bem-estar espiritual para pessoas com câncer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Patients , Spirituality , Hope , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
The overall objective of this study is to assess grief in religious widows and hope, and the frequency of unusual perceptual experiences after the death of the spouse. It is hypothesized that (H1) religious widows will experience a less complicated grief, (H2) a greater hope, and (H3) a higher frequency of unusual perceptual experiences than non-religious widows. Three instruments, the Complicated Grief Inventory, the Hope Scale, and the Hallucinations Questionnaire were administered to a sample consisting of religious widows and a control group (non-religious widows). The results showed that religious widows experienced less complicated grief than non-religious widows, and fewer feelings of pessimism about the death of the loved one. Religious widows who showed higher feelings of hope, compared to non-religious ones, tended to have fewer indicators of complicated grief. Furthermore, those religious widows who displayed feelings associated with remembering the deceased tended, for example, to hear voices and smell perfumes. It is possible that these occurrences may even be functional and adaptive in order to cope with the negative feelings of grief and loss, rather than resulting in a resource deficit mechanism for dealing with pain and hopelessness.
O objetivo geral deste estudo é avaliar o luto e a esperança em viúvas religiosas, e a frequência de experiências perceptivas incomuns após a morte do cônjuge. A hipótese é que (H1) viúvas religiosas experimentarão um luto menos complicado, (H2) mais esperança e (H3) maior frequência de experiências perceptivas incomuns do que viúvas não religiosas. Três instrumentos, o Inventário do Luto Complicado, a Escala de Esperança e o Questionário de Alucinações, foram administrados a uma amostra composta por viúvas religiosas e um grupo de controle (viúvas não religiosas). Os resultados mostraram que as viúvas religiosas experimentaram um luto menos complicado do que as viúvas não religiosas e menos sentimentos de pessimismo em relação à morte de um ente querido. As viúvas religiosas que mostraram maior senso de esperança, em comparação com as viúvas não religiosas, tendem a ter menos indicadores de luto complicado. Além disso, aquelas viúvas religiosas que demonstravam sentimentos associados à memória do falecido tendiam, por exemplo, a ouvir vozes e cheirar perfumes. É possível que essas ocorrências possam até ser funcionais e adaptativas para lidar com os sentimentos negativos de luto e perda, em vez de ser um mecanismo de déficit de recursos para lidar com a dor e a desesperança.
El objetivo general de este estudio es evaluar el duelo en viudas religiosas y la esperanza, y la frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales después de la muerte del cónyuge. Se hipotetiza que (H1) las viudas religiosas experimentarán menor grado de duelo complicado, (H2) mayor esperanza y (H3) mayor frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales que las viudas no religiosas. Se administraron tres instrumentos, el Inventario de Duelo Complicado, la Escala de Esperanza, y el Cuestionario de Alucinaciones a una muestra integrada por viudas religiosas y un grupo control (viudas no religiosas). Los resultados mostraron que las viudas religiosas experimentaban menos duelo complicado que las viudas no religiosas, y menos sentimientos de pesimismo en torno a la muerte del ser querido. Las viudas religiosas que mostraron mayor sentimiento de esperanza, en comparación con las no religiosas, tendieron a menos indicadores de duelo complicado. Además, aquellas viudas religiosas que mostraban sentimientos asociados al recuerdo del difunto tendían, por ejemplo, a oír voces y oler perfumes. Es posible que estas ocurrencias puedan incluso ser funcionales y adaptativas para afrontar los sentimientos negativos del duelo y la pérdida, en lugar de resultar un mecanismo de déficit de recursos para lidiar contra el dolor y la desesperanza.